code.gs

"use strict";

// https://developers.google.com/apps-script/guides/services/quotas: max 9kB/property value, max 500kB/property store

// rsseverything.com (stephenslab.top) has limits that make it unusable for VRT news

const contentTypeGASGzip = "application/x-gzip";

const thisPublishedURL = "https://script.google.com/macros/s/.../exec";
const URLVRTBinnenland = "https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/rubrieken/binnenland/";
const URLScienceAndCulture = "https://scienceandculture.com/latest/";

const VRTBinnenlandSectionsToIgnore = [
  "overzicht",
  "defensie"
];


function trackLengthOfPropertyStore() {
  const allProps = PropertiesService.getScriptProperties().getProperties();
  let exceeds = Object.entries(allProps).reduce((tot, [k, v]) => {if(v.length >= 9*1024*0.94) tot += k+" nearly >9kB\n"; return tot;}, "");
  if(Object.entries(allProps).reduce((tot, [k, v]) => tot+k.length+v.length, 0) > 500*1024*0.96)
    exceeds += "total store nearly >500kB";
  if(exceeds !== "")
    throw exceeds;
}


function doGet(event) {
  switch(event?.parameters?.source?.[0]) {
    case "VRT":
      if(!event?.parameters?.section?.[0])
        return ContentService.createTextOutput("No section provided");
      return ContentService.createTextOutput(getVRTBinnenland(event.parameters.section[0])).setMimeType(ContentService.MimeType.XML);

    case "ScienceAndCulture":
      return ContentService.createTextOutput(getScienceAndCulture()).setMimeType(ContentService.MimeType.XML);
  }
  if(event?.parameters?.source?.[0].startsWith("test"))
    return ContentService.createTextOutput(testSource).setMimeType(ContentService.MimeType.XML);

  return ContentService.createTextOutput("No known source");
}



/*** Science And Culture ***
 * Saved as ScienceAndCulture: [<UTC times>];
 *   ScienceAndCulture_<UTC time>: [<articles as objects>]
 */

function getScienceAndCultureArticles() {
  const response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(
    URLScienceAndCulture, {
      followRedirects: true
    }
  );
  const html = response.getContentText();
  let mainSection = html.match(/<main.*<\/main>/s)?.[0];
  mainSection = cleanAndparseHtml(mainSection);

  let aWithTitle;
  const articles = mainSection.getRootElement().getChildren("article")
  for(let i=0; i < articles.length; ++i) {
    aWithTitle = getElementsByTagAndAttribute(articles[i], "a", "title")?.[0];
    articles[i] = {
      'text': aWithTitle?.getText()||"Bug 0",
      'link': aWithTitle?.getAttribute("href").getValue()||("Bug "+Date.now()),
      'imglink': getElementsByTagAndAttribute(articles[i], "img")[0]?.getAttribute("src").getValue()||"none",
      'description': getElementsByTagAndAttribute(articles[i], "center", "class", "article-center")[0]?.getText().trim()
    };
    if(!articles[i].link.startsWith("http"))
      articles[i].link = `https://${articles[i].link.includes("scienceandculture.com") ? "" : "www.scienceandculture.com/"}${articles[i].link.slice(articles[i].link.startsWith("/") ? 1 : 0)}`;
    if(!articles[i].imglink.startsWith("http"))
      articles[i].imglink = `https://${articles[i].imglink.includes("scienceandculture.com") ? "" : "www.scienceandculture.com/"}${articles[i].imglink.slice(articles[i].imglink.startsWith("/") ? 1 : 0)}`;
  }  
  return articles;
}

function saveScienceAndCultureArticles() {
  saveArticles("ScienceAndCulture", getScienceAndCultureArticles());
}

function getScienceAndCulture() {
  return makeRSSXMLFromData({
    'source': "ScienceAndCulture",
    'title': "Science And Culture",
    'URL': URLScienceAndCulture,
    'description': "Science And Culture Today | Discovering Design in Nature",
    'language': "en-US",
    'articles': getArticles("ScienceAndCulture")
  });
}



/* sections of VRTBinnenland */

/* To be run weekly, since these sections probably don't change. */
function getVRTBinnenlandSections() {
  const response = UrlFetchApp.fetch(URLVRTBinnenland, {
    followRedirects: true
  });
  let html = response.getContentText();
  let mainSection = html.match(/<main.*<\/main>/s)?.[0];
  mainSection = cleanAndparseHtml(mainSection);

  // Get all "sections" of Binnenland (politiek, ...)
  let sections = getElementsByTagAndAttribute(mainSection, "div", "data-sentry-source-file", "Item.tsx")
    .reduce((tot, elt) => Object.assign(tot, {[elt.getText().toLowerCase()]: elt.getParentElement().getAttribute("href").getValue()}),
    {}
    );
  sections = Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(sections).map(([section, link]) => {
      link = link.split("/");
      return [section, URLVRTBinnenland.split(link[1])[0] + link.slice(1).join("/")];
    })
    .filter(([section, link]) => (link !== URLVRTBinnenland)&&(!VRTBinnenlandSectionsToIgnore.some(sectionToIgnore => sectionToIgnore === section)))
  );
  saveProperty(PropertiesService.getScriptProperties(), "VRTBinnenlandSections", JSON.stringify(sections));
}


/*** VRTBinnenland ***
 * Saved as VRTBinnenland: [<UTC times>];
 *   VRTBinnenland_<section>_<UTC time>: [<articles as objects>]
 */

function getVRTBinnenlandArticles() {
  const sections = JSON.parse( // ophalen van props duurt 40s
    getSavedProperties(PropertiesService.getScriptProperties())["VRTBinnenlandSections"]
  );
  const sectionEntries = Object.entries(sections);
  let i;
  const toFetch = [];
  for(i=0; i < sectionEntries.length; ++i) {
    toFetch.push({
      url: sectionEntries[i][1],
      followRedirects: true
    });
  }
//Logger.log("fetching");
  const responses = UrlFetchApp.fetchAll(toFetch);
//Logger.log("processing");
  const articles = {};
  let mainSection, elts, j, text, k, indexLastArticle;
  for(i=0; i < responses.length; ++i) {
//Logger.log(i);
    articles[sectionEntries[i][0]] = [];
    mainSection = responses[i].getContentText().match(/<main.*<\/main>/s)?.[0];
    mainSection = cleanAndparseHtml(mainSection);
    //++ 1 min per mainSection => splitsen per section
    elts = getElementsByTagAndAttribute(mainSection, "div", "data-sentry-component", "EBAGuard");
    for(j=0; j < elts.length; ++j) {
      text = getElementsByTagAndAttribute(elts[j], "span");
      for(k=0; k < text.length; ++k)
        text[k] = text[k].getText()+"<br>";
      indexLastArticle = articles[sectionEntries[i][0]].push({
        'text': text,
        'link': getElementsByTagAndAttribute(elt, "a")[0].getAttribute("href").getValue(),
        'imglink': getElementsByTagAndAttribute(elt, "img")[0]?.getAttribute("src").getValue(),
        'description': text
      })-1;
      if(!articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].link.startsWith("http"))
        articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].link = `https://${articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].link.includes("vrt.be") ? "" : "www.vrt.be/"}${articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].link.slice(articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].link.startsWith("/") ? 1 : 0)}`;
      if(!articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].imglink.startsWith("http"))
        articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].imglink = `https://${articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].imglink.includes("vrt.be") ? "" : "www.vrt.be/"}${articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].imglink.slice(articles[sectionEntries[i][0]][indexLastArticle].imglink.startsWith("/") ? 1 : 0)}`;
    }
  }
//Logger.log("end processing. saving...");
  return articles;
}

function saveVRTBinnenlandArticles() {
  const entries = Object.entries(getVRTBinnenlandArticles());
  for(let i=0; i < entries.length; ++i)
    saveArticles("VRTBinnenland_"+entries[i][0], entries[i][1]);
}

function getVRTBinnenland(section) {
  return makeRSSXMLFromData({
    'source': `VRT&amp;section=${section}`,
    'title': `VRT Binnenland ${section}`,
    'URL': URLVRTBinnenland+section.toLowerCase()+"/",
    'description': `VRT nws Binnenland, ${section}`,
    'language': "nl-BE",
    'articles': getArticles("VRTBinnenland_"+section)
  });
}




/*** HELPERS ***/


function getSavedProperties(propertyStore) {
  const savedProperties = propertyStore.getProperties();
  const keys = Object.keys(savedProperties);
  for(let i=0; i < keys.length; ++i) {
    savedProperties[key] = Utilities.ungzip(
      Utilities.newBlob(
        Utilities.base64Decode(savedProperties[key]),
        contentTypeGASGzip
      )
    ).getDataAsString();
  }
  return savedProperties;
}
function saveProperty(propertyStore, key, value) {
  propertyStore.setProperty(key, Utilities.base64Encode(
    Utilities.gzip(
      Utilities.newBlob(
        value,
        'application/json'
      )
    ).getBytes()
  ));
}

function saveArticles(source, articles) {
  const scriptProperties = PropertiesService.getScriptProperties();
  const savedProperties = getSavedProperties(scriptProperties); /*scriptProperties.getProperties();*/
  const UTCTimesForSource = JSON.parse(savedProperties[source]||"[]").sort((a, b) => b-a);
  let fourAndAHalfWeeksAgo = new Date();
  fourAndAHalfWeeksAgo.setDate(fourAndAHalfWeeksAgo.getDate() - 4.5*7);
  fourAndAHalfWeeksAgo.setHours(fourAndAHalfWeeksAgo.getHours(), 0, 0, 0);
  fourAndAHalfWeeksAgo = fourAndAHalfWeeksAgo.getTime();

  // Delete properties that are too old and get the timestamps that are not too old
  const newUTCTimesForSource = [];
  for(let i=0; i < UTCTimesForSource.length; ++i)
    UTCTimesForSource[i] <= fourAndAHalfWeeksAgo ? scriptProperties.deleteProperty(source+"_"+UTCTimesForSource[i]) : newUTCTimesForSource.push(UTCTimesForSource[i]);

  // Remove articles for which there already was an article saved
  let oldArticles, linksOfArticlesToRemove = new Set();
  for(let i=0, j=0; i < UTCTimesForSource.length; ++i) {
    oldArticles = JSON.parse(savedProperties[source+"_"+UTCTimesForSource[i]]||"[]");
    for(j=0; j < oldArticles.length; ++j)
      linksOfArticlesToRemove.add(oldArticles[j].link);
  }
  articles = articles.filter(article => !linksOfArticlesToRemove.has(article.link));

  // Save new articles, when needed
  if(articles.length === 0)
    return;
  const now = new Date();
  now.setHours(now.getHours(), 0, 0, 0);
  saveProperty(scriptProperties, source+"_"+now.getTime(), JSON.stringify(articles));
  saveProperty(scriptProperties, source, JSON.stringify(newUTCTimesForSource.concat(now.getTime())));
}

function getArticles(source) {
  const savedProperties = getSavedProperties(PropertiesService.getScriptProperties());
  const UTCTimesForSource = JSON.parse(savedProperties[source]||"[]");
  const result = [];
  for(let i=0; i < UTCTimesForSource.length; ++i)
    result.push(JSON.parse(savedProperties[source+"_"+UTCTimesForSource[i]]));
  return result;
}

function makeRSSXMLFromData(data) {
  const articles = "";
  for(let i=0; i < data.articles.length; ++i) {
    articles += `
\t\t\t<item>
\t\t\t\t<description>${data.articles[i].description}</description>
\t\t\t\t${data.articles[i].imglink ? `<enclosure url="${data.articles[i].imglink./*replace(/&/g, "&amp;")*/split("?")[0]}" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />` : ""}
\t\t\t\t<link>${data.articles[i].link}</link>
\t\t\t\t<guid>${data.articles[i].link}</guid>
\t\t\t\t<title>${data.articles[i].text}</title>
\t\t\t</item>
`;
  }
  return `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
\t<channel>
\t\t<atom:link href="${thisPublishedURL}?source=${data.source}" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
\t\t<title>${data.title}</title>
\t\t<link>${data.URL}</link>
\t\t<description>${data.description}</description>
\t\t<language>${data.language}</language>
\t\t<generator>Google Apps Script: https://script.google.com/home/projects/.../edit</generator>
\t\t${articles}
\t</channel>
</rss>`;
}



function cleanAndparseHtml(html) {
  html = html.replace(new RegExp(
    // to clean
    "(<script.*?<\/script>"+"|"
    +"<svg.*?<\/svg>"+"|"
    +"<iframe.*?<\/iframe>"+"|"
    +"<style.*?<\/style>"+"|"
    +'\sstyle="[^"]+)'+"|"
    // to make xml compatible
    +"(<(?!(img|link|meta|br|input)-src)(?=link|meta|br|input|img)[^>]*)(?<!\/)>"+"|" // unclosed tags
    /*+"(<(script|style)[^>]*>)"+"|"  // force script/style content into cdata
    +"(<\/(script|style)[^>]*>)"+"|"  // force script/style content into cdata*/
    +"&(?!amp;)"+"|" // change & to &amp;
    +'(\sdata-length=)([^>"]+)([">])', // specific for ScienceAndCulture
    "sig"), (match, toClean, unclosedTags, /*openScriptStyleTag, closeScriptStyleTag,*/ _, dataLength1, dataLength2, dataLength3) => {
      if(toClean)
        return "";
      if(unclosedTags)
        return unclosedTags+"/>"; // close unclosed tags
      /*if(openScriptStyleTag)
        return openScriptStyleTag+"<![CDATA[";  // force script / style content into cdata
      if(closeScriptStyleTag)
        return "]]>"+closeScriptStyleTag; // force script / style content into cdata*/
      if(match === "&")
        return "&amp;"; // change & to &amp;
      if(dataLength1)
        return `${dataLength1}"${dataLength2}"${dataLength3}`;  // specific for ScienceAndCulture
    }
  );
  // now it should work
  return XmlService.parse(html);
}

function getElementsByTagAndAttribute(element, tag, attribute, value) {
  // inspired by https://sites.google.com/site/scriptsexamples/learn-by-example/parsing-html
  let data = [];
  let descendants = element.getDescendants();
  descendants.push(element);
  if(tag)
    tag = tag.toLowerCase();
  if(attribute)
    attribute = attribute.toLowerCase();
  for(let i=0, elt, targetAttributes; i < descendants.length; ++i) {
    elt = descendants[i].asElement?.();
    if(elt == null)
      continue;
    if(tag && (elt.getName().toLowerCase() !== tag))
      continue;
    if((attribute === undefined)&&(value === undefined)) {
      data.push(elt);
      continue;
    }
    if(attribute === undefined)
      targetAttributes = elt.getAttributes();
    else
      targetAttributes = [elt.getAttribute(attribute)];
    if(value === undefined) {
      if(targetAttributes.some(targetAttribute => targetAttribute))
        data.push(elt);
      continue;
    }
    if(targetAttributes.some(targetAttribute => targetAttribute?.getValue() === value))
      data.push(elt);
  }
  return data;
}




const testSource = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
	<channel>
		<atom:link href="https://script.google.com/macros/s/.../exec?source=VRT&amp;section=samenleving" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
		<title>VRT Binnenland samenleving</title>
		<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/rubrieken/binnenland/samenleving/</link>
		<description>VRT nws Binnenland, samenleving</description>
		<language>nl-BE</language>
		<generator>Google Apps Script: https://script.google.com/home/projects/.../edit</generator>
		
			<item>
				<description>samenleving: De Lokerse Koewachtenaars kunnen al in oktober naar de stembus: &quot;Kiezen we voor Lokeren of Stekene?&quot;</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2025/08/29/e5be26c2-92c5-41c7-8f59-169a87a61b47.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/29/de-lokerse-koewachtenaren-kunnen-half-oktober-weer-naar-de-stemb/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/29/de-lokerse-koewachtenaren-kunnen-half-oktober-weer-naar-de-stemb/</guid>
				<title>De Lokerse Koewachtenaars kunnen al in oktober naar de stembus: &quot;Kiezen we voor Lokeren of Stekene?&quot;</title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: Inzameling winterjassen op markt in Herentals: &quot;Mensen gaan zelfs jassen kopen om te doneren&quot; </description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2025/08/29/edf6c882-fad3-430d-942c-e889b6bf9aa1.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/29/inzameling-winterjassen-op-markt-in-herentals-er-zijn-zelfs-me/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/29/inzameling-winterjassen-op-markt-in-herentals-er-zijn-zelfs-me/</guid>
				<title>Inzameling winterjassen op markt in Herentals: &quot;Mensen gaan zelfs jassen kopen om te doneren&quot; </title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: Na dood van baby in Lede: experten roepen op om tijdens
vakanties extra alert te zijn voor kindermishandeling</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2019/10/14/d19eb875-ee82-11e9-abcc-02b7b76bf47f.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/26/lede-baby-kindermishandeling-experten-vlaams-expertisecentrum-va/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/26/lede-baby-kindermishandeling-experten-vlaams-expertisecentrum-va/</guid>
				<title>Na dood van baby in Lede: experten roepen op om tijdens
vakanties extra alert te zijn voor kindermishandeling</title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: Na moord op 17-jarige Lisa stijgt vraag naar zelfverdedigingssprays, maar in België zijn ze verboden</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2025/08/25/24be86e1-b292-48b7-bc63-219fae860655.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/25/na-moord-op-17-jarige-lisa-stijgt-vraag-naar-zelfverdedigingsspr/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/25/na-moord-op-17-jarige-lisa-stijgt-vraag-naar-zelfverdedigingsspr/</guid>
				<title>Na moord op 17-jarige Lisa stijgt vraag naar zelfverdedigingssprays, maar in België zijn ze verboden</title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: Advocaat ouders Julie Van Espen na moord op Lisa: &quot;Jonge vrouw staat symbool voor onschuld, kwetsbaarheid en toekomst&quot;</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2025/08/25/6ea0f222-f0f8-41d6-bab7-62abcf8d9f6c.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/25/advocaat-ouders-julie-van-espen-over-lisa-verontwaardiging-polit/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/25/advocaat-ouders-julie-van-espen-over-lisa-verontwaardiging-polit/</guid>
				<title>Advocaat ouders Julie Van Espen na moord op Lisa: &quot;Jonge vrouw staat symbool voor onschuld, kwetsbaarheid en toekomst&quot;</title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: Openheid, zichtbaarheid of klassieke muziek: hoe openbare ruimte beter kan zodat (ook) vrouwen zich veilig voelen</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2025/08/24/f7bf4d76-1479-44f0-b5f8-f8d1de88ee49.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/23/vrouwelijke-perspectief/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/23/vrouwelijke-perspectief/</guid>
				<title>Openheid, zichtbaarheid of klassieke muziek: hoe openbare ruimte beter kan zodat (ook) vrouwen zich veilig voelen</title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: &quot;Het leven is proberen, ik vind mijn weg wel&quot;: Noor uit Afghanistan en Yara en Malek uit Syrië vluchtten 10 jaar geleden naar België</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2025/08/23/32532bdf-1ab1-4902-b391-b6c991d54a1b.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/23/tien-jaar-in-belgie-3-vluchtelingen-blikken-terug-en-maken-de-b/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/23/tien-jaar-in-belgie-3-vluchtelingen-blikken-terug-en-maken-de-b/</guid>
				<title>&quot;Het leven is proberen, ik vind mijn weg wel&quot;: Noor uit Afghanistan en Yara en Malek uit Syrië vluchtten 10 jaar geleden naar België</title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: 10 jaar na asielcrisis: 39.000 aanvragen in België in 2015, helft vluchtelingen nu aan het werk</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2025/07/31/5af73b64-61aa-41a7-aa2e-0eb2fb00af92.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/07/31/10-jaar-na-asielcrisis-2015-vluchtelingen-syrie-irak-afghanistan/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/07/31/10-jaar-na-asielcrisis-2015-vluchtelingen-syrie-irak-afghanistan/</guid>
				<title>10 jaar na asielcrisis: 39.000 aanvragen in België in 2015, helft vluchtelingen nu aan het werk</title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: 143.000 mensen zonder werk vonden nieuwe job sinds start Vlaamse regering</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2023/11/07/c716665b-7d7a-11ee-91d7-02b7b76bf47f.png" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/22/al-143-000-werkzoekenden-vonden-sinds-oktober-nieuwe-job-via-vda/</link>
				<guid>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/22/al-143-000-werkzoekenden-vonden-sinds-oktober-nieuwe-job-via-vda/</guid>
				<title>143.000 mensen zonder werk vonden nieuwe job sinds start Vlaamse regering</title>
			</item>

			<item>
				<description>samenleving: Bijzondere traditie: Geraardsbergenaars wensen mekaar zondag &#x27;een gelukkig jaar&#x27;</description>
				<enclosure url="https://images.vrt.be/vrtnws_web/2025/08/22/fb63dc4e-1e71-4373-954c-ec715eedc6e6.jpg" type="image/jpeg" length="10" />
				<link>https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2025/08/22/bijzondere-traditie-geraardsbergenaars-wensen-mekaar-zondag-ee/</link>
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