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README.md

Java应用镜像构建

基础镜像构建

Eclipse Temurin 是一个由 Eclipse 基金会支持的开源 Java 运行时环境（JRE）和 Java 开发工具包（JDK）。它提供了一个高性能、可靠的 OpenJDK 构建版本，旨在为开发人员和企业提供一个免费的、符合标准的 Java 发行版。Temurin 的构建遵循 OpenJDK 的规范，并且得到了持续的社区支持和更新。

JDK8

下载JDK

建议在官方的Web界面下载：地址

wget https://github.com/adoptium/temurin8-binaries/releases/download/jdk8u432-b06/OpenJDK8U-jre_x64_linux_hotspot_8u432b06.tar.gz

创建Dockerfile

安装软件包这条命令中，生产环境中建议最小化安装，软件列表：locales tzdata curl ca-certificates fontconfig

cat > Dockerfile-openjdk8 <<"EOF"
FROM debian:12.10

ARG UID=1001
ARG GID=1001
ARG USER_NAME=admin
ARG GROUP_NAME=ateng
ARG WORK_DIR=/opt/app

WORKDIR ${WORK_DIR}

ADD OpenJDK8U-*.tar.gz /opt/

RUN sed -i 's|http://deb.debian.org|http://mirrors.aliyun.com|g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources && \
    apt-get update && \
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
    locales tzdata curl ca-certificates fontconfig fonts-noto-cjk unzip zip vim net-tools iproute2 iputils-ping less wget jq dnsutils traceroute tcpdump nmap && \
    apt-get clean && \
    echo "zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen && \
    locale-gen zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    update-locale LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    groupadd -g ${GID} ${GROUP_NAME} && \
    useradd -u ${UID} -g ${GROUP_NAME} -m ${USER_NAME} && \
    chown -R ${UID}:${GID} ${WORK_DIR} && \
    mv /opt/jdk* /opt/jdk && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

ENV JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk
ENV PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
ENV LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

USER ${UID}:${GID}

ENTRYPOINT ["java"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-openjdk8 \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-8-jre .

测试镜像

docker run --rm \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-8-jre \
    -version

推送镜像

docker push registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-8-jre

保存镜像

docker save \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-8-jre \
    | gzip -c > image-java_debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-8-jre.tar.gz

JDK11

下载JDK

建议在官方的Web界面下载：地址

wget https://github.com/adoptium/temurin11-binaries/releases/download/jdk-11.0.25%2B9/OpenJDK11U-jre_x64_linux_hotspot_11.0.25_9.tar.gz

创建Dockerfile

安装软件包这条命令中，生产环境中建议最小化安装，软件列表：locales tzdata curl ca-certificates fontconfig

cat > Dockerfile-openjdk11 <<"EOF"
FROM debian:12.10

ARG UID=1001
ARG GID=1001
ARG USER_NAME=admin
ARG GROUP_NAME=ateng
ARG WORK_DIR=/opt/app

WORKDIR ${WORK_DIR}

ADD OpenJDK11U-*.tar.gz /opt/

RUN sed -i 's|http://deb.debian.org|http://mirrors.aliyun.com|g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources && \
    apt-get update && \
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
    locales tzdata curl ca-certificates fontconfig fonts-noto-cjk unzip zip vim net-tools iproute2 iputils-ping less wget jq dnsutils traceroute tcpdump nmap && \
    apt-get clean && \
    echo "zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen && \
    locale-gen zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    update-locale LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    groupadd -g ${GID} ${GROUP_NAME} && \
    useradd -u ${UID} -g ${GROUP_NAME} -m ${USER_NAME} && \
    chown -R ${UID}:${GID} ${WORK_DIR} && \
    mv /opt/jdk* /opt/jdk && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

ENV JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk
ENV PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
ENV LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

USER ${UID}:${GID}

ENTRYPOINT ["java"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-openjdk11 \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-11-jre .

测试镜像

docker run --rm \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-11-jre \
    -version

推送镜像

docker push registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-11-jre

保存镜像

docker save \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-11-jre \
    | gzip -c > image-java_debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-11-jre.tar.gz

JDK17

下载JDK

建议在官方的Web界面下载：地址

wget https://github.com/adoptium/temurin17-binaries/releases/download/jdk-17.0.13%2B11/OpenJDK17U-jre_x64_linux_hotspot_17.0.13_11.tar.gz

创建Dockerfile

安装软件包这条命令中，生产环境中建议最小化安装，软件列表：locales tzdata curl ca-certificates fontconfig

cat > Dockerfile-openjdk17 <<"EOF"
FROM debian:12.10

ARG UID=1001
ARG GID=1001
ARG USER_NAME=admin
ARG GROUP_NAME=ateng
ARG WORK_DIR=/opt/app

WORKDIR ${WORK_DIR}

ADD OpenJDK17U-*.tar.gz /opt/

RUN sed -i 's|http://deb.debian.org|http://mirrors.aliyun.com|g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources && \
    apt-get update && \
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
    locales tzdata curl ca-certificates fontconfig fonts-noto-cjk unzip zip vim net-tools iproute2 iputils-ping less wget jq dnsutils traceroute tcpdump nmap && \
    apt-get clean && \
    echo "zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen && \
    locale-gen zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    update-locale LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    groupadd -g ${GID} ${GROUP_NAME} && \
    useradd -u ${UID} -g ${GROUP_NAME} -m ${USER_NAME} && \
    chown -R ${UID}:${GID} ${WORK_DIR} && \
    mv /opt/jdk* /opt/jdk && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

ENV JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk
ENV PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
ENV LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

USER ${UID}:${GID}

ENTRYPOINT ["java"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-openjdk17 \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-17-jre .

测试镜像

docker run --rm \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-17-jre \
    -version

推送镜像

docker push registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-17-jre

保存镜像

docker save \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-17-jre \
    | gzip -c > image-java_debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-17-jre.tar.gz

JDK21

下载JDK

建议在官方的Web界面下载：地址

wget https://github.com/adoptium/temurin21-binaries/releases/download/jdk-21.0.5%2B11/OpenJDK21U-jre_x64_linux_hotspot_21.0.5_11.tar.gz

创建Dockerfile

安装软件包这条命令中，生产环境中建议最小化安装，软件列表：locales tzdata curl ca-certificates fontconfig

cat > Dockerfile-openjdk21 <<"EOF"
FROM debian:12.10

ARG UID=1001
ARG GID=1001
ARG USER_NAME=admin
ARG GROUP_NAME=ateng
ARG WORK_DIR=/opt/app

WORKDIR ${WORK_DIR}

ADD OpenJDK21U-*.tar.gz /opt/

RUN sed -i 's|http://deb.debian.org|http://mirrors.aliyun.com|g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources && \
    apt-get update && \
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
    locales tzdata curl ca-certificates fontconfig fonts-noto-cjk unzip zip vim net-tools iproute2 iputils-ping less wget jq dnsutils traceroute tcpdump nmap && \
    apt-get clean && \
    echo "zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen && \
    locale-gen zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    update-locale LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    groupadd -g ${GID} ${GROUP_NAME} && \
    useradd -u ${UID} -g ${GROUP_NAME} -m ${USER_NAME} && \
    chown -R ${UID}:${GID} ${WORK_DIR} && \
    mv /opt/jdk* /opt/jdk && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

ENV JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk
ENV PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
ENV LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

USER ${UID}:${GID}

ENTRYPOINT ["java"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-openjdk21 \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre .

测试镜像

docker run --rm \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
    -version

推送镜像

docker push registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre

保存镜像

docker save \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
    | gzip -c > image-java_debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre.tar.gz

Java应用镜像构建

原生镜像

基于 基础镜像构建 的镜像直接运行SpringBoot应用程序

运行应用

将宿主机的Jar文件映射到容器内部，然后自定义启动参数运行应用

export JAR_FILE_NAME=springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar
docker run --rm --name springboot-demo \
    -p 18080:8080 \
    -v $(pwd)/${JAR_FILE_NAME}:/opt/app/${JAR_FILE_NAME}:ro \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
    -server \
    -Xms128m -Xmx1024m \
    -jar ${JAR_FILE_NAME} \
    --server.port=8080 \
    --spring.profiles.active=prod

应用和镜像一体-命令

创建Dockerfile

cat > Dockerfile-app <<"EOF"
FROM registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre
COPY springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar .
ENTRYPOINT ["java"]
CMD ["-server", "-Xms128m", "-Xmx1024m", "-jar", "springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar", "--server.port=8080"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-app \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-cmd:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre .

测试镜像

自定义启动参数运行应用

docker run --rm --name springboot-demo \
    -p 18080:8080 \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-cmd:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
    -server \
    -Xms128m -Xmx1024m \
    -jar springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar \
    --server.port=8080 \
    --spring.profiles.active=prod

推送镜像

docker push registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-cmd:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre

保存镜像

docker save registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-cmd:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
  | gzip -c > image-java-app-integrated-cmd_debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre.tar.gz

应用和镜像一体-脚本

创建启动脚本

根据实际情况修改该脚本

cat > docker-entrypoint.sh <<"EOF"
#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

# 设置 Jar 启动的命令
JAR_CMD=${JAR_CMD:--jar springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar}
# 设置 JVM 参数
JAVA_OPTS=${JAVA_OPTS:--Xms128m -Xmx1024m}
# 设置 Spring Boot 参数
SPRING_OPTS=${SPRING_OPTS:---spring.profiles.active=prod}
# 设置应用启动命令
RUN_CMD=${RUN_CMD:-java ${JAVA_OPTS} ${JAR_CMD} ${SPRING_OPTS}}

# 打印命令并启动
echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] Starting application: ${RUN_CMD}"
exec ${RUN_CMD}
EOF
chmod +x docker-entrypoint.sh

创建Dockerfile

cat > Dockerfile-app <<"EOF"
FROM registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre
COPY docker-entrypoint.sh .
COPY springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar .
ENTRYPOINT ["./docker-entrypoint.sh"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-app \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-shell:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre .

测试镜像

自定义启动参数运行应用，分别指定相关参数

docker run --rm --name springboot-demo \
    -p 18080:8080 \
    -e JAR_CMD="-jar springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar" \
    -e JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms128m -Xmx1024m" \
    -e SPRING_OPTS="--server.port=8080 --spring.profiles.active=prod" \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-shell:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre

自定义启动参数运行应用，统一自定义设置

docker run --rm --name springboot-demo \
    -p 18080:8080 \
    -e RUN_CMD="java -server -Xms128m -Xmx1024m -jar springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar --server.port=8080 --spring.profiles.active=prod" \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-shell:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre

推送镜像

docker push registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-shell:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre

保存镜像

docker save registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-integrated-shell:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
  | gzip -c > image-java-app-integrated-shell_debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre.tar.gz

应用和镜像分离

创建启动脚本

根据实际情况修改该脚本

cat > docker-entrypoint.sh <<"EOF"
#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

# 设置 Jar 启动的命令
JAR_CMD=${JAR_CMD:--jar app.jar}
# 设置 JVM 参数
JAVA_OPTS=${JAVA_OPTS:--Xms128m -Xmx1024m}
# 设置 Spring Boot 参数
SPRING_OPTS=${SPRING_OPTS:---spring.profiles.active=prod}
# 设置应用启动命令
RUN_CMD=${RUN_CMD:-java ${JAVA_OPTS} ${JAR_CMD} ${SPRING_OPTS}}

# 打印命令并启动
echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] Starting application: ${RUN_CMD}"
exec ${RUN_CMD}
EOF
chmod +x docker-entrypoint.sh

创建Dockerfile

cat > Dockerfile-app <<"EOF"
FROM registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre
COPY docker-entrypoint.sh .
ENTRYPOINT ["./docker-entrypoint.sh"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-app \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-separate:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre .

测试镜像

将宿主机的Jar文件映射到容器内部，然后自定义启动参数运行应用

export JAR_FILE_NAME=springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar
docker run --rm --name springboot-demo \
    -p 18080:8080 \
    -v $(pwd)/${JAR_FILE_NAME}:/opt/app/${JAR_FILE_NAME}:ro \
    -e JAR_CMD="-jar /opt/app/${JAR_FILE_NAME}" \
    -e JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms128m -Xmx1024m" \
    -e SPRING_OPTS="--server.port=8080 --spring.profiles.active=prod" \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-separate:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre

推送镜像

docker push registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-separate:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre

保存镜像

docker save registry.lingo.local/service/java-app-separate:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
  | gzip -c > image-java-app-separate_debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre.tar.gz

最佳实践

基础镜像构建

创建Dockerfile

其中 COPY --from=eclipse-temurin:21-jre --chown=1001:1001 /opt/java/openjdk /opt/jdk 可以根据实际情况修改JDK版本，以下JDK镜像版本参考

  • eclipse-temurin:21 eclipse-temurin:21-jre
  • eclipse-temurin:17 eclipse-temurin:17-jre
  • eclipse-temurin:11 eclipse-temurin:11-jre
  • eclipse-temurin:8 eclipse-temurin:8-jre
cat > Dockerfile-openjdk21 <<"EOF"
FROM bitnami/minideb:bookworm

ARG UID=1001
ARG GID=1001
ARG USER_NAME=admin
ARG GROUP_NAME=ateng
ARG WORK_DIR=/opt/app

WORKDIR ${WORK_DIR}

COPY --from=eclipse-temurin:21-jre --chown=${UID}:${GID} /opt/java/openjdk /opt/jdk

RUN sed -i 's|http://deb.debian.org|http://mirrors.aliyun.com|g' /etc/apt/sources.list && \
    apt-get update && \
    DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
        locales \
        tzdata \
        curl \
        ca-certificates \
        fontconfig && \
    apt-get clean && \
    echo "zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen && \
    locale-gen zh_CN.UTF-8 && \
    groupadd -g ${GID} ${GROUP_NAME} && \
    useradd -u ${UID} -g ${GROUP_NAME} -m ${USER_NAME} && \
    chown -R ${UID}:${GID} ${WORK_DIR} && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

ENV JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk
ENV PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
ENV LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

USER ${UID}:${GID}

ENTRYPOINT ["java"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-openjdk21 \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre .

测试镜像

docker run --rm \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
    -version

推送镜像

docker push registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre

保存镜像

docker save \
    registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre \
    | gzip -c > image-java_debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre.tar.gz

Java应用镜像构建

编译和打包（可选）

如果需要将源码编译打包Jar文件，可以参考该步骤。一般情况下是直接提供了Jar文件的，所以该步骤可选

创建maven配置文件

cat > settings.xml <<"EOF"
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0
                              https://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
  <mirrors>
    <mirror>
      <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
      <id>alimaven</id>
      <name>阿里云中央仓库</name>
      <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
    </mirror>
  </mirrors>
</settings>
EOF

编译打包

docker run --rm \
    --cpus="2" \
    -m="2g" \
    -v "/data/download/maven/repository":/root/.m2 \
    -v "$PWD":/app \
    -w /app \
    maven:3.9-eclipse-temurin-21 \
    mvn clean package -DskipTests \
    -s settings.xml \
    -f pom.xml

创建启动脚本

根据实际情况修改该脚本

cat > docker-entrypoint.sh <<"EOF"
#!/bin/bash
set -euo pipefail

# 设置 Jar 启动的命令
JAR_CMD=${JAR_CMD:--jar springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar}
# 设置 JVM 参数
JAVA_OPTS=${JAVA_OPTS:--Xms128m -Xmx1024m}
# 设置 Spring Boot 参数
SPRING_OPTS=${SPRING_OPTS:---server.port=8080 --spring.profiles.active=prod}
# 设置应用启动命令
RUN_CMD=${RUN_CMD:-java ${JAVA_OPTS} ${JAR_CMD} ${SPRING_OPTS}}

# 打印命令并启动
echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] Starting application: ${RUN_CMD}"
exec ${RUN_CMD}
EOF
chmod +x docker-entrypoint.sh

创建Dockerfile

cat > Dockerfile-app <<"EOF"
FROM registry.lingo.local/service/java:debian12_temurin_openjdk-jdk-21-jre
COPY docker-entrypoint.sh .
COPY springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar .
ENTRYPOINT ["./docker-entrypoint.sh"]
EOF

构建镜像

docker build -f Dockerfile-app \
    -t registry.lingo.local/service/springboot3-demo:v1.0 .

运行测试

docker run --rm \
    --name springboot3-demo \
    -p 18080:8080 \
    -e JAR_CMD="-jar springboot3-demo-v1.0.jar" \
    -e JAVA_OPTS="-server -Xms128m -Xmx1024m" \
    -e SPRING_OPTS="--server.port=8080 --spring.profiles.active=prod" \
    registry.lingo.local/service/springboot3-demo:v1.0