Convert `update-release-branch.py` to TypeScript #8431

Job	Run time
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, linked)	1m 14s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, linked)	1m 24s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, default)	1m 29s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, nightly-latest)	1m 20s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, default)	1m 26s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, nightly-latest)	1m 26s
	8m 19s

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