Convert `update-release-branch.py` to TypeScript #8445

Job	Run time
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, default)	42s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, linked)	38s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, nightly-latest)	1m 9s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, linked)	1m 0s
Ruby analysis (macos-latest, default)	1m 4s
Ruby analysis (ubuntu-latest, nightly-latest)	43s
	5m 16s

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