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AggregationExample.js
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/*
聚合是一个对象(整体)包含或引用其他对象(部分),但这些部分对象在逻辑上可以独立于整体对象。
本示例:
- 聚合关系:Department类聚合了Employee。Department类包含一个Employee列表,但这些员工的生命周期不依赖于部门。如果部门被销毁,员工对象仍然可以继续存在。这种关系是典型的聚合关系。
- 松散耦合:聚合允许整体和部分对象之间具有较低的耦合度,这使得系统更易于维护和扩展。部分对象可以独立存在,整体对象只是引用它们。
- 部分-整体关系:部门包含员工,但员工可以属于多个部门,也可以独立存在。这种关系使得代码更加灵活,并允许部分对象在整体对象之外被重用。
*/
// 定义一个员工类
class Employee {
constructor(name) {
this.name = name; // 初始化员工名字
}
getName() {
return this.name; // 获取员工名字
}
}
// 定义一个部门类
class Department {
constructor(departmentName) {
this.departmentName = departmentName; // 初始化部门名称
this.employees = []; // 初始化员工列表
}
// 添加员工到部门
addEmployee(employee) {
this.employees.push(employee); // 将员工添加到列表
}
// 获取部门的所有员工名字
listEmployees() {
console.log("Employees in " + this.departmentName + ":");
this.employees.forEach(employee => {
console.log(employee.getName()); // 输出员工名字
});
}
}
// 测试验证
// 创建几个员工对象
let tom = new Employee("Tom");
let jerry = new Employee("Jerry");
// 创建一个部门,并将员工添加到部门
let itDepartment = new Department("IT Resources");
itDepartment.addEmployee(tom);
itDepartment.addEmployee(jerry);
// 列出部门中的员工
itDepartment.listEmployees(); // 输出:Employees in IT Resources: Tom, Jerry
// 即使部门被销毁,员工对象仍然可以继续存在
itDepartment = null; // 删除部门对象
console.log("Employee Tom still exists: " + tom.getName()); // 输出:Tom
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