From 0c09e04d942138d41d732a7d259cfff5992bd0a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Huanyi Xie <74809554+xiehuanyi@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 10 Oct 2026 20:52:40 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] Keep TOML array storage synchronized during in-place
 repetition

---
 tests/test_items.py | 69 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 tomlkit/_types.py   |  9 ++++++
 2 files changed, 78 insertions(+)

diff --git a/tests/test_items.py b/tests/test_items.py
index cf6134aa..25e07847 100644
--- a/tests/test_items.py
+++ b/tests/test_items.py
@@ -358,6 +358,75 @@ def test_array_slice_assignment_does_not_mutate(
     assert parse(doc.as_string())["a"] == a
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("count", [-2, 0, 1, 2, 3])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "content", ["a = [1, 2]\n", "a = [\n    1, # first\n    2,\n]\n"]
+)
+def test_array_in_place_repetition_round_trips(count: int, content: str) -> None:
+    doc = parse(content)
+    a = doc["a"]
+    original = a
+    expected = [1, 2] * count
+
+    a *= count
+
+    assert a is original
+    assert a.unwrap() == expected
+    assert parse(doc.as_string())["a"].unwrap() == expected
+    a.append(3)
+    assert parse(doc.as_string())["a"].unwrap() == [*expected, 3]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("count", [1, 2, 3])
+def test_aot_in_place_repetition_round_trips(count: int) -> None:
+    doc = parse("[[a]]\nx = 1\n\n[[a]]\nx = 2\n")
+    a = doc["a"]
+    original = a
+    expected = [{"x": 1}, {"x": 2}] * count
+
+    a *= count
+
+    assert a is original
+    assert a.unwrap() == expected
+    assert parse(doc.as_string())["a"].unwrap() == expected
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("count", [-2, 0])
+def test_aot_nonpositive_in_place_repetition_clears_values(count: int) -> None:
+    doc = parse("[[a]]\nx = 1\n")
+    a = doc["a"]
+
+    a *= count
+
+    assert len(a) == 0
+    assert a.unwrap() == []
+    a.append({"x": 2})
+    assert parse(doc.as_string())["a"].unwrap() == [{"x": 2}]
+
+
+def test_array_in_place_repetition_accepts_index_protocol() -> None:
+    class Twice:
+        def __index__(self) -> int:
+            return 2
+
+    doc = parse("a = [1, 2]\n")
+    doc["a"] *= Twice()
+    assert doc["a"].unwrap() == [1, 2, 1, 2]
+    assert parse(doc.as_string())["a"].unwrap() == [1, 2, 1, 2]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("count", [1.5, "2", None])
+def test_array_in_place_repetition_rejects_non_index_without_mutation(
+    count: Any,
+) -> None:
+    content = "a = [1, 2]\n"
+    doc = parse(content)
+    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
+        doc["a"] *= count
+    assert doc["a"].unwrap() == [1, 2]
+    assert doc.as_string() == content
+
+
 def test_array_behaves_like_a_list() -> None:
     a = item([1, 2])
 
diff --git a/tomlkit/_types.py b/tomlkit/_types.py
index 3585d56c..0ccde7f8 100644
--- a/tomlkit/_types.py
+++ b/tomlkit/_types.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+from operator import index
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Any
 from typing import TypeVar
@@ -59,6 +60,14 @@ def __iadd__(self, other):
             self.extend(other)
             return self
 
+        def __imul__(self, other):
+            count = index(other)
+            if count <= 0:
+                self.clear()
+            else:
+                self.extend(list(self) * (count - 1))
+            return self
+
     class _CustomDict(MutableMapping, dict):
         """Adds MutableMapping mixin while pretending to be a builtin dict"""