diff --git a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/parser_plugin/import_meta_plugin.rs b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/parser_plugin/import_meta_plugin.rs
index e2f70846b0ad..1ac655fd5966 100644
--- a/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/parser_plugin/import_meta_plugin.rs
+++ b/crates/rspack_plugin_javascript/src/parser_plugin/import_meta_plugin.rs
@@ -79,11 +79,24 @@ impl JavascriptParserPlugin for ImportMetaPlugin {
     if for_name == expr_name::IMPORT_META_VERSION {
       Some(eval::evaluate_to_number(5_f64, start, end))
     } else if for_name == expr_name::IMPORT_META_URL {
-      Some(eval::evaluate_to_string(
-        self.import_meta_url(parser),
-        start,
-        end,
-      ))
+      if parser.is_esm {
+        if parser
+          .compiler_options
+          .output
+          .environment
+          .supports_document()
+        {
+          None
+        } else {
+          Some(eval::evaluate_to_string(
+            self.import_meta_url(parser),
+            start,
+            end,
+          ))
+        }
+      } else {
+        None
+      }
     } else {
       None
     }
@@ -172,7 +185,18 @@ impl JavascriptParserPlugin for ImportMetaPlugin {
         let mut content = vec![];
         for prop in referenced_properties_in_destructuring.iter() {
           if prop.id == "url" {
-            content.push(format!(r#"url: "{}""#, self.import_meta_url(parser)))
+            if parser.is_esm
+              && parser
+                .compiler_options
+                .output
+                .environment
+                .supports_document()
+            {
+              // Preserve import.meta.url for web targets in ES modules using a getter
+              content.push(r#"get url() { return import.meta.url; }"#.to_string())
+            } else {
+              content.push(format!(r#"url: "{}""#, self.import_meta_url(parser)))
+            }
           } else if prop.id == "webpack" {
             content.push(format!(r#"webpack: {}"#, self.import_meta_version()));
           } else {
@@ -226,12 +250,25 @@ impl JavascriptParserPlugin for ImportMetaPlugin {
   ) -> Option<bool> {
     if for_name == expr_name::IMPORT_META_URL {
       // import.meta.url
-      parser.add_presentational_dependency(Box::new(ConstDependency::new(
-        member_expr.span().into(),
-        format!("'{}'", self.import_meta_url(parser)).into(),
-        None,
-      )));
-      Some(true)
+      if !parser.is_esm {
+        // import.meta.url is only available in ES modules
+        return None;
+      }
+      if parser
+        .compiler_options
+        .output
+        .environment
+        .supports_document()
+      {
+        Some(true)
+      } else {
+        parser.add_presentational_dependency(Box::new(ConstDependency::new(
+          member_expr.span().into(),
+          format!("'{}'", self.import_meta_url(parser)).into(),
+          None,
+        )));
+        Some(true)
+      }
     } else if for_name == expr_name::IMPORT_META_VERSION {
       // import.meta.webpack
       parser.add_presentational_dependency(Box::new(ConstDependency::new(
diff --git a/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/index.js b/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/index.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..64746759c092
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+export {};
+
+it("should not be replaced by file path", function() {
+	// import.meta.url should be preserved in the bundle (not replaced with a file:// URL string)
+	// When preserved, it will be resolved by the runtime environment
+	// In Node.js test environment, it resolves to file:// URL, but in browser it would be http://
+	// The important thing is that it's not replaced during build time
+	const url = import.meta.url;
+	// Just verify it's a string (not undefined, which would mean it was replaced with unsupported comment)
+	expect(typeof url).toBe("string");
+	// The actual URL format depends on the runtime environment, but it should exist
+	expect(url).toBeTruthy();
+});
diff --git a/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/rspack.config.js b/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/rspack.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b016ee93c0ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/rspack.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+module.exports = {
+	target: "web",
+	experiments: {
+		outputModule: true
+	},
+	output: {
+		module: true,
+		chunkFormat: "module"
+	}
+};
diff --git a/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/test.config.js b/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/test.config.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1c96551e405f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/rspack-test/configCases/parsing/import-meta-url-web/test.config.js
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+module.exports = {
+	moduleScope(scope) {
+		scope.pseudoImport = { meta: { url: "http://test.cases/path/index.js" } };
+	}
+};
+