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fix: confine nnUNet postprocessing pickle loads to the results directory (GHSA-8f32) - #9113

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fix: confine nnUNet postprocessing pickle loads to the results directory (GHSA-8f32)#9113
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Addresses GHSA-8f32-8649-rv87 (nnUNetV2Runner unguarded pickle.load).

What

postprocessing_file and some_plans_file come from inference_information.json and are unpickled by batchgenerators without validation, so a tampered file redirects an arbitrary pickle load.

_confine_to_dir() now resolves both via os.path.realpath and requires them to stay inside the dataset results directory. A FutureWarning announces that MONAI_ALLOW_PICKLE becomes mandatory in 1.7 — the gate itself is deferred there to avoid a hard break in this patch release.

Why not torch.load(weights_only=True)

The file holds nnU-Net function references, not tensors — weights_only=True rejects it outright.

Test changes

  • test_postprocessing_pickle_warns_on_untrusted_file → now uses a real temp results dir, expects two warnings (trust + 1.7 FutureWarning)
  • New: test_postprocessing_file_outside_results_dir_is_rejected (absolute escape)
  • New: test_postprocessing_traversal_is_rejected (../ traversal)

Verification

  • Adversarial script: marker-file payloads for os.system, absolute path, .. traversal all confirmed blocked.
  • tests/apps/nnunet suite: 11/11 pass.
  • black / ruff / DCO clean.

This is the 1.6.1 "complete fix" for GHSA-8f32, replacing the warning-only PR #9086.

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📝 Walkthrough

Walkthrough

The nnU-Net postprocessing flow now confines configured pickle paths to the dataset results directory. It emits updated pickle warnings and a MONAI 1.7 FutureWarning. Tests verify resolved paths, warning order, external paths, and directory traversal rejection.

Priority: ⬆️ High

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Severity of issue fixed: High

Merge Risk: ⚪ Minimal · up to 2eb54

The added test coverage verifies the intended path-confinement behavior without introducing a current merge risk.

🚥 Pre-merge checks | ✅ 5
✅ Passed checks (5 passed)
Check name Status Explanation
Title check ✅ Passed The title clearly identifies the security fix and the affected nnUNet pickle loads. It is concise and directly related to the main change.
Description check ✅ Passed The description explains the vulnerability, implementation, rationale, tests, and verification results. The issue reference is blank, and the 'New tests added' checkbox is inconsistent with the docume…
Docstring Coverage ✅ Passed Docstring coverage is 100.00% which is sufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 10 functions across 2 files.
Linked Issues check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check ✅ Passed Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
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Actionable comments posted: 1

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Inline comments:
In `@tests/apps/nnunet/test_nnunetv2_runner_command.py`:
- Line 255: Add a test covering an external or traversal some_plans_file while
postprocessing_file remains a valid path inside the results directory. Assert
that validation rejects the request before calling load_pickle or
apply_postprocessing_to_folder, using the existing nnUNet runner test helpers
and symbols.

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  • monai/apps/nnunet/nnunetv2_runner.py
  • tests/apps/nnunet/test_nnunetv2_runner_command.py

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Comment thread tests/apps/nnunet/test_nnunetv2_runner_command.py
…ory (GHSA-8f32)

predict_ensemble_postprocessing loads the nnUNet best_model_or_ensemble
postprocessing_file with batchgenerators.load_pickle. That path is read
from inference_information.json, which a dataset creator controls, so a
crafted entry can point the pickle load at an attacker-chosen file -
arbitrary code execution (see
https://github.com/Project-MONAI/MONAI/security/advisories/GHSA-8f32-8649-rv87).

Replace the warn-and-execute behaviour of Project-MONAI#9086 with path confinement:
the postprocessing file must live inside the run's result directory
(target_dir_base), otherwise the load is refused with a ValueError.
The legitimate in-dir pickle - which is exactly what nnUNet writes -
still loads.

Signed-off-by: R. Garcia-Dias <rafaelagd@gmail.com>
@garciadias
garciadias force-pushed the secfix/ghsa-8f32-nnunet-pickle branch from cc34981 to ef6865d Compare September 11, 2026 16:40
- tests/apps/nnunet/test_nnunetv2_runner_command.py: add regression test
  covering an external some_plans_file while postprocessing_file remains a
  valid path inside the results directory; assert validation rejects before
  load_pickle is called

Signed-off-by: R. Garcia-Dias <rafaelagd@gmail.com>
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