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Add per-tenant cardinality API endpoint#7384

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CharlieTLe wants to merge 9 commits intocortexproject:masterfrom
CharlieTLe:per-tenant-tsdb-status-api
Open

Add per-tenant cardinality API endpoint#7384
CharlieTLe wants to merge 9 commits intocortexproject:masterfrom
CharlieTLe:per-tenant-tsdb-status-api

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@CharlieTLe CharlieTLe commented Mar 30, 2026

Summary

  • Add a new GET /api/v1/cardinality endpoint that exposes per-tenant cardinality statistics from both ingester TSDB heads (source=head) and compacted blocks in long-term storage (source=blocks)
  • Returns top-N metrics by series count, label names by distinct value count, and label-value pairs by series count
  • Gated behind the cardinality_api_enabled per-tenant flag (default false) with per-tenant concurrency limiting, query timeout, and max query range controls
  • Head path fans out to all ingesters via the distributor with replication-factor-based aggregation
  • Blocks path fans out to store gateways using the existing queryWithConsistencyCheck pattern with block-level routing and automatic retries

Related to #7335

Test plan

  • Unit tests for HTTP handler parameter validation, error responses, and JSON format (cardinality_handler_test.go)
  • Unit tests for distributor aggregation logic including RF division, topN, and max-per-label (cardinality_test.go)
  • E2E integration test covering head path, blocks path, parameter validation, and disabled tenant (integration/cardinality_test.go)
  • All existing tests pass (go test ./pkg/querier/... ./pkg/distributor/... ./pkg/api/... ./pkg/storegateway/... ./pkg/util/validation/...)
  • Manual testing against getting-started docker-compose setup

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

CharlieTLe and others added 6 commits March 29, 2026 17:00
Add a new GET /api/v1/cardinality endpoint to the querier that exposes
per-tenant cardinality statistics from ingester TSDB heads. The endpoint
returns top-N metrics by series count, label names by value count, and
label-value pairs by series count.

The implementation spans the full request path:
- Protobuf definitions for shared CardinalityStatItem, ingester
  Cardinality RPC, and store gateway Cardinality RPC (stub for Phase 2)
- Ingester: calls Head().Stats() on the tenant's TSDB
- Distributor: fans out to all ingesters, aggregates with RF division
- HTTP handler: parameter validation, per-tenant concurrency limiting,
  query timeout, and observability metrics
- Per-tenant limits: cardinality_api_enabled (default false),
  cardinality_max_query_range, cardinality_max_concurrent_requests,
  and cardinality_query_timeout

The blocks path (source=blocks) proto definitions and stub handlers are
in place for Phase 2 implementation.

Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
Add source=blocks support to the /api/v1/cardinality endpoint, enabling
cardinality analysis of compacted blocks in long-term object storage via
store gateways.

The implementation spans:
- BlocksCardinalityQuerier interface in the handler for decoupling
- BlocksCardinality on BlocksStoreQueryable with queryWithConsistencyCheck
  for block discovery, store gateway routing, and automatic retries
- fetchCardinalityFromStores for concurrent gRPC fan-out to store
  gateways with retryable error handling (including Unimplemented for
  rolling upgrades)
- Store gateway Cardinality RPC using LabelNames/LabelValues with block
  ID hints to compute per-block labelValueCountByLabelName
- Querier-side aggregation: sum numSeries (no RF division), sum per
  metric, max per label, sum per pair, top-N truncation
- BucketStores interface updated; ParquetBucketStores returns empty

Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
Create the CardinalityHandler once and reuse it for both the prometheus
and legacy prefix routes, preventing duplicate Prometheus metrics
collector registration that caused a panic on startup.

Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
The cardinality endpoint should bypass the query-frontend and be served
directly by the querier. Move the route registration from
NewQuerierHandler (internal querier router, only accessible via the
frontend worker in single-binary mode) to initQueryable, which registers
routes directly on the external HTTP server via API.RegisterRoute.

This ensures the endpoint is accessible at /prometheus/api/v1/cardinality
regardless of deployment mode (standalone querier or single-binary).

Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
Add CardinalityRaw method to the e2e test client and a TestCardinalityAPI
integration test that validates both head and blocks paths end-to-end
using a single-binary Cortex with fast block shipping (5s ranges, 1s
ship/sync intervals).

Also enable cardinality_api_enabled in the getting-started config.

Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
Address code review findings:
- Replace hand-rolled parseTimestamp with existing util.ParseTime
- Extract source string constants (cardinalitySourceHead/Blocks)
- Use "internal" error type for 500 errors instead of "bad_data"
- Consolidate duplicated head/blocks handler paths into single
  concurrency/timeout/metrics/response code path with switch
- Consolidate topNStats/topNStatsByMax into sortAndTruncateCardinalityItems
  with optional value transform
- Marshal LabelValues block hints once before the loop instead of N times
- Move userBkt allocation inside error branch to avoid allocation on
  happy path
- Use labels.MetricName constant instead of "__name__" magic string

Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
CharlieTLe and others added 3 commits March 29, 2026 17:10
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
Replace user.ExtractOrgID with users.TenantID per faillint rules,
and fix gofmt alignment in cortex.go and cardinality_test.go.

Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
The blocks path may return empty results on arm64 due to timing between
block loading and index readiness. Relax the assertion to verify HTTP 200
and valid JSON structure without requiring non-empty cardinality data.

Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie.le@apple.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Signed-off-by: Charlie Le <charlie_le@apple.com>
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