Numerical warnings from `optical_density` / `temporal_derivative_distribution_repair` on channels in `info["bads"]`

[kalomak]

Describe the new feature or enhancement

Description

mne.preprocessing.nirs.optical_density and mne.preprocessing.nirs.temporal_derivative_distribution_repair are applied to channels marked as 'bad' (intentionally).
The side effect is that garbage in a 'bad' channel warns without naming it:

_optical_density.py:49: RuntimeWarning: divide by zero encountered in log
_tddr.py:97: RuntimeWarning: invalid value encountered in subtract

So users cannot tell whether the data is about to be discarded anyways or is a real problem
in a channel they keep.

Reproduction

import warnings
import numpy as np
import mne

info = mne.create_info(["S1_D1 760", "S1_D1 850", "S2_D2 760", "S2_D2 850"], 10.0,
                       "fnirs_cw_amplitude")
for ch in info["chs"]:
    ch["loc"][6:9] = [0.03, 0.0, 0.0]
    ch["loc"][9] = float(ch["ch_name"].split()[1])

data = np.random.default_rng(0).normal(1e5, 1e3, (4, 1000))
data[2, 500], data[2, 501] = -6.6e245, 8.0e-304  # corrupt samples, channel already bad
info["bads"] = ["S2_D2 760", "S2_D2 850"]
raw = mne.io.RawArray(data, info, verbose=False)

with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as caught:
    warnings.simplefilter("always")
    od = mne.preprocessing.nirs.optical_density(raw, verbose=False)
    tddr = mne.preprocessing.nirs.temporal_derivative_distribution_repair(od, verbose=False)
print([str(w.message) for w in caught])
print("non-finite per channel:", (~np.isfinite(tddr.get_data())).sum(axis=1))

['Negative intensities encountered. Setting to abs(x)', 'divide by zero encountered in log',
 'invalid value encountered in subtract']
non-finite per channel: [   0    0 1000    0]

Describe your proposed implementation

Output the channel names which have bad values and let the user ignore them. This might be verbose in some cases.

Describe possible alternatives

Only warn if non-bad channels have invalid values. This does not add verbosity to the warning but might hide issues in cases where bad channels are still used.

Additional context

MNE 1.13.0.dev256+g51216abcb

I can implement if this makes sense to add.

[larsoner]

Yes I think a list of violating channel names would be useful. People can always suppress with verbose="error" if needed